Sunday, July 19, 2020

RSN: Charles Pierce | The Authoritarian Operation in Portland Is Only a Dress Rehearsal




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18 July 20
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Authorities gather in the street amid protests in Portland, Oregon. (photo: Doug Brown/ACLU)
Charles Pierce, Esquire
Pierce writes: "Pardon me for being this uncivil this early in the morning but, seriously, what in the FCK is this shit? From Oregon Public Broadcasting."

EXCERPT:

Also on Thursday, press secretary Kaleigh McEnany took a moment out of her briefing to call Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot a “renegade mayor” because Lightfoot refuses to ask for the National Guard to come into her city. (To her credit, Lightfoot snapped right back.) The White House is on record several times as trying to delegitimize Muriel Bowser as mayor of Washington, D.C.
Portland may be a dumbshow for dummies, but it also looks like a dress rehearsal. This is not an "authoritarian impulse.” This is authoritarian government—straight, no chaser. And this administration has a powerful thirst for it. It will do anything if it thinks it can get away with it in order to benefit a president* who wants to bring the Republic down on his head.
Unmarked vehicles, disappearing people off the streets?
We need a Truth and Reconciliation Commission now, before the dress rehearsal becomes a road show.


A demonstrator holds a sign with the image of Breonna Taylor. (photo: Jason Connolly/AFP/Getty Images)
A demonstrator holds a sign with the image of Breonna Taylor. (photo: Jason Connolly/AFP/Getty Images)

Breonna Taylor Was Alive After Police Shot Her. But No One Tried to Treat Her.
Tessa Duvall and Darcy Costello, Louisville Courier Journal
Excerpt: "Just after midnight March 13, three Louisville police officers fired more than 20 bullets into Breonna Taylor's apartment, striking her five times."
But she was still alive — at least briefly.
For at least five minutes, she struggled, coughing for breath, according to her boyfriend, Kenneth Walker, who told investigators she was alive as he called her mom and yelled for help.
"(Police are) yelling like, 'Come out, come out,' and I'm on the phone with her (mom). I'm still yelling help because she's over here coughing and, like, I'm just freaking out," Walker said in a recorded police interview 3 hours after the shooting.
The Jefferson County coroner has disputed that account, telling The Courier Journal that Taylor likely died within a minute of being shot and couldn't have been saved.
But records reflect that no effort was made to save her.
For more than 20 minutes after she was fatally shot at approximately 12:43 a.m. by Louisville officers, Taylor, 26, lay where she fell in her hallway, receiving no medical attention, according to dispatch logs.
"Breonna, who was unarmed in her hallway, was struck by several rounds of gunfire. She was not killed immediately," attorneys Sam Aguiar and Lonita Baker wrote in a revised lawsuit filed on behalf of Taylor's family. "Rather, she lived for another five to six minutes before ultimately succumbing to her injuries on the floor of her home."


Outside, officers shouted for Walker to exit and rushed to treat Sgt. Jonathan Mattingly, putting a tourniquet on his thigh after Walker shot him while he and two other plainclothes officers forced their way into Taylor's South Louisville apartment while executing a "no-knock" search warrant.
No one went inside to try to help Taylor, records show.
"This is a tragedy all around," Mayor Greg Fischer said in a statement. "You have an LMPD officer shot. His fellow officers rush to save him, not knowing if they will be shot at if they try to go inside, and not knowing that anyone inside has been hit. It is just a horrible tragedy that should never happen again."


What happened after Breonna Taylor was shot?
The Courier Journal reviewed multiple documents to recreate the minutes that followed Taylor's shooting, looking at search warrants, arrest citations, Taylor's death certificate and the coroner's news release, dispatch logs and court filings, as well as recorded police interviews with Mattingly and Walker.
In the four months since her death, Taylor's name has become a rallying cry for protesters seeking racial justice in Louisville and around the nation, lifted up alongside George Floyd and other Black Americans who died at the hands of police.
The records show that police didn't take Walker into custody until more than 15 minutes after the shooting and didn't radio in to dispatch about Taylor being inside the apartment until 1:10 a.m. — nearly a half-hour after she was shot.
"F (female) inside with gun kicked under the bed," the dispatch log shows at 1:10 a.m.
Two minutes later: "F sup to be laying on ground in hallway."
A copy of Taylor's death certificate obtained by The Courier Journal lists her time of death as "approx. 0048."
That time has since come into question from the coroner, however.
Jefferson County Coroner Barbara Weakley-Jones said the 12:48 a.m. time was "an estimate" based on available information and what can be gleaned from Taylor's body.
She said her office was not called to the scene until at least an hour after the shooting, which she said is not uncommon.
Weakley-Jones said Taylor's injuries were not survivable.
"If she had even been outside of an emergency room department at a hospital, and she got shot and sustained the same injury, they would not have been able to save her," she said. "… So there's no way that even if they (police) ran to her and tried to give her aid, they can't do anything because it's all internal injuries that you can't stop."
The coughing Walker described would have been agonal breathing, Weakley-Jones said, meaning Taylor's heart had stopped but the body still had a few last breaths.
Taylor's family has alleged in a court filing that for "more than five minutes," she was still breathing and "fought for her life."
That amended complaint argues that not only did Louisville police recklessly and needlessly break into her apartment while serving a search warrant with a no-knock clause as part of a narcotics investigation, they failed to give her medical assistance after repeatedly shooting her.
Weakley-Jones said that wouldn't have mattered.
"I'm sure as soon as they got up to her, she was dead," she said.
Taylor's shooting is under investigation by the FBI and state attorney general, both of which are expected to evaluate whether criminal charges against police officers involved are warranted. 
Police haven't said who fired the five shots that struck Taylor but have said the officers who fired their weapons were Mattingly, Detective Myles Cosgrove and Detective Brett Hankison.
Spokeswoman Jessie Halladay declined to comment for this story, saying it's "not proper to comment" while the case is under review by the state attorney general. 
Mattingly and Cosgrove are on administrative reassignment, while Hankison was fired in June and is appealing his termination. Attorneys for Taylor have alleged Hankison, who was outside the apartment and has been accused of firing "blindly," fired at least one of the fatal shots. 
Kentucky Attorney General Daniel Cameron has declined to say whether the scope of his investigation has expanded beyond Hankison, Mattingly and Cosgrove, but at least one other officer, Joshua Jaynes, who sought the no-knock warrants used in the investigation that night, has been administratively reassigned by the department.
Kentucky Attorney General Daniel Cameron:Still no timeline on Breonna Taylor investigation
To reconstruct a timeline of the aftermath of the fatal police shooting, The Courier Journal used timestamps from 911 calls, dispatch logs, police interviews and the amended complaint filed by Taylor's family.
Here's what they showhappened in Taylor's final moments:
Breonna Taylor 'should be there alone'
Before Louisville Metro Police officers banged on Taylor's door at 12:40 a.m., setting into motion the events that led to her death, Walker and Taylor were at home, in bed, watching the movie "Freedom Writers" on TV.
They'd gotten back about 9 p.m., after eating at Texas Roadhouse and giving a friend's kids rides across town. It was Taylor's first night off after a few consecutive days with 12-hour shifts as an ER technician, Walker told investigators in a recorded interview hours after the shooting.
She fell asleep as the movie was still playing, and Walker wasn't far behind, he told police in that interview. 
"Literally, the night was over. If nobody knocked, we would've been asleep within 10 to 15 minutes," he said. 
Meanwhile, about 10 p.m., Mattingly and other officers were being briefed on the plan to execute a search warrant on Taylor's apartment as part of a larger narcotics investigation, Mattingly said in an interview after the shooting.
He said they were told that Taylor wasn't believed to have children or animals, "but they weren't sure."
Taylor "should be there alone, because they knew where their target was," Mattingly told investigators. 
A man named Jamarcus Glover, who was also named on the search warrant for Taylor's apartment, was arrested the same night, 10 miles away at a house on Elliott Avenue in the Russell neighborhood.
At that interview, about two weeks after the shooting, an investigator asked Mattingly if he remembered the name of the search warrant's target.
"Not offhand," he responded. "We didn't write it. We didn't do any of the investigation. We did none of the background."
Jaynes, a member of a different unit in Mattingly's division, had requested the warrant for Taylor's apartment and done much of the surveillance and investigation himself, according to the affidavit.
Another officer was responsible for watching Taylor's apartment earlier that night, Mattingly said.
The door 'comes off its hinges'
At 12:40 a.m., police officers were in place outside of Taylor's apartment. Mattingly said he began to bang on the front door.
Inside, Walker said he and Taylor were in her bedroom when they heard the knocking.
They called out, asking who it was, but got no response, Walker said. He said later he thought it might have been Taylor's former boyfriend.
He didn't suspect it could have been police, according to his interview hours later.
Outside, Mattingly heard no response and banged on the door again, later telling investigators:"At that point we start announcing ourselves 'Police! Please come to the door. Police! We have a search warrant.' "
Mattingly estimated he banged on the door "six or seven different time periods," which "seems like an eternity when you're up at a doorway."
The knocking lasted 45 seconds to a minute, he estimated, before police decided to use a battering ram to force their way into Taylor's apartment.
An officer hit the door with the ram three times before it opened, Mattingly said.
Inside, Walker grabbed his gun, "scared to death," as both pulled on clothes and went to answer the door. They left the bedroom and hadn't made it down the hallway before the door "comes off its hinges," he said. 
Walker told police he fired one shot as a warning, aimed at the ground, still unable to see and unclear on who was at the door.
"But you can't see anybody, though, when the door comes off its hinges," Walker told investigators. "It happened fast, like an explosion. Boom, one shot. Then all of the sudden, there's a whole lot of shots. We both drop to the ground. But I just hear her (Breonna Taylor) screaming."
Mattingly told investigators that while he was in the doorway, he saw a man and a woman in the hallway. Then, there was a shot.
"And as I turned the doorway, he's in a stretched-out position with his hands, with a gun," Mattingly said. "And as soon as I clear, he fires. Boom."
Mattingly felt a pain in his leg. He fired four times.
He went around the door and fired two more rounds.
A series of shots in the apartment
At 12:42 a.m., neighbors in the St. Anthony Garden Apartments start calling 911.
The first two calls were just one second apart, and the third came 24 seconds later, according to a dispatch log.
All three callers reported gunshots.
"In the apartment behind me, there was a lot of gunshots just now," one neighbor told 911.
"It just came out of nowhere. And it almost sounded like somebody was shooting back but I'm not for sure."
A dispatcher asked a different neighbor who called when she heard the gunshots.
"I called you as soon as I realized what it was," the woman said.
At 12:43 a.m., the first call came into dispatch saying an officer had been shot.
Mattingly said he remembered Hankison yelling on the radio that an officer was in trouble.
"10-30,10-30! Officer down! 10-30! Officer shot on Springfield," one officer called on the radio, according to a copy of the audio obtained by The Courier Journal. "Officer shot on Springfield. 10-30!"
Walker was later arrested and charged with assault and attempted murder of a police officer. Commonwealth's Attorney Tom Wine dismissed charges in late May and called for more investigation.
'Somebody come help her!' Kenneth Walker yells
Events moved quickly as the calls came in:
12:44 a.m.: Police call in that they need EMS now and that SWAT is needed at Taylor's apartment on Springfield Drive.
12:45 a.m.: "Subj is still inside with AR," a dispatch log said. A recording of calls radioed in, without time markers, included a report apparently from an officer that, "Officers encountered rifle fire." He adds: "Officer down!"
Walker hears people outside and screams.
"Somebody come help her!" he said. After waiting a few minutes to no avail, Walker calls his mom, and she tells him to, "call 911 right now."
12:47 a.m.: Walker calls 911.
"I don't know what is happening," Walker, 28, told a dispatcher. "Somebody kicked in the door and shot my girlfriend."
The dispatcher asked Walker where Taylor was shot.
“I don’t know,” Walker responded, crying. “She’s on the ground right now. I don’t know.”
The dispatcher asked if Taylor is awake and able to speak.
"No, she's not," Walker said, then shouted: "Bre!"
The dispatcher asked if Walker could turn her over and see where she was shot.
Walker described seeing blood, and cried out again, "Oh my God!"
Then he hung up. Dispatch tried to call back, but there was no answer. The entire conversation and call back took less than 3 minutes.
'Come out, come out,' police tell Kenneth Walker
With police officers descending on Taylor's apartment complex, Walker stayed inside and called Taylor's mother, Tamika Palmer. That's when, he said, he heard her still coughing.
"When I was on the phone with her, that's when I kind of realized that it was the police because now they're yelling, like, 'Come out, come out,' " Walker told investigators.
He added: "What really made me not realize it was the police was because nobody was like rushing in after all this happened. They all like stayed outside, so I'm like, what the heck was that?"
12:47 a.m.: "Any unit to Spring Field need rifels (sic)," a dispatcher logged.
12:48 a.m.: One of Taylor's neighbors called 911, saying shots were fired next door. Some bullets went into her apartment and shattered her glass door, though no one was injured. The dispatcher told her to stay inside.
12:48 a.m.: The approximate time Taylor died, according to the coroner's news release and her death certificate.
What does Breonna Taylor's death certificate say?
Attorneys for Taylor initially claimed she was "shot at least eight times," according to an April lawsuit, but the death certificate lists her cause of death as five gunshot wounds to the body.
The manner of death checked is "homicide." 
The death certificate notes that an autopsy was performed and that its findings were available to determine the cause of death. It does not say where on Taylor's body she was struck.
The Courier Journal requested a copy of Taylor's autopsy report, but the coroner's office denied the request. The news organization has appealed the denial to the attorney general's office.
12:54 a.m.: EMS left Springfield with Sgt. Mattingly.
A patient care report released by the Pleasure Ridge Park Fire Protection District, which responded to Springfield Drive, states that they were dispatched "to back up" another unit. When PRP Fire arrived, that unit was "backing out of the scene and had (redacted) in their ambulance."
Two paramedics from PRP Fire got into the Louisville Metro EMS ambulance with Mattingly, according to the report's narrative, and rode with them to the hospital. Several additional lines are redacted.
Louisville Metro EMS has refused to release similar reports.
12:54 a.m.: Walker prepares to leave the apartment.
12:57 a.m.: "Calling subj out," according to the dispatch log.
A video taken by one of Taylor's neighbors showed multiple officers, including several with guns drawn, giving Walker directions.
Walker can be heard crying as officers tell him to "keep walking backwards" and "walk straight down the steps."
As he got closer, an officer shouted: "Get on your knees!"
1 a.m.: Walker was arrested. 
He tells police investigators hours later that officers on-scene to arrest him said he was going to jail for the rest of his life and that a dog was going to be let loose on him. 
"They had the dog right there, right behind me, barking. I'm out there with no shoes on, clearly nothing, walking in water and stuff, backwards. And he's like, 'I'm going to let this dog on you. You're going to jail for the rest of your life.' Look at my record, I don't even get in trouble. Not violent or anything," Walker told investigators.
"(An officer) asked me, 'Were you hit by any bullets?' I said no. He said, 'That's unfortunate,' " Walker adds.
1:10 a.m.: Once in the apartment, roughly 27 minutes after Taylor was shot, police tell dispatch there's a "F (female) inside with gun kicked under the bed."
The Courier Journal has requested all dispatch audio relating to the shooting, but Louisville Metro Emergency Services has denied the records, citing an ongoing investigation. The news organization is appealing to the attorney general.
At the same time, records note: "1st Div - family headed to hospital."
It's not clear whether it was Taylor's or Mattingly's family.
Palmer, Taylor's mother, has previously said that when she arrived at the apartment, an officer told her an ambulance had already taken a young woman who was hurt to the hospital. Palmer waited at a local hospital for hours but was told Taylor wasn't there and there was no record of her being transported there. 
She drove back to Taylor's apartment on Springfield Drive and waited hours longer until a detective asked her if Taylor had any enemies or if she and Walker had been having problems. 
1:12 a.m.: Two minutes later, Taylor is reported to be "laying on (the) ground in hallway," according to dispatch. Police request crime-scene tape.
1:46 a.m.: EMS received permission to leave Taylor's apartment.
3:35 a.m.: Police returned with a second search warrant for Taylor's apartment.
Inside, they found shell casings and bullets. There was no rifle of any kind located — just Walker's Glock 43x handgun and a holster on his pants.
Police recovered no drugs.
3:53 a.m.: Walker's interview with Public Integrity Unit investigators — which would later be used as evidence in the criminal case against him — begins, roughly two hours and ten minutes after he watched his girlfriend's death. 
Mattingly was interviewed 12 days later.
The long-awaited results of the internal investigation examining the officers' conduct is now in the hands of Attorney General Cameron and the FBI, which will present its findings to the U.S. Department of Justice.
The charges against Walker have since been dismissed. But it is up to Cameron and federal prosecutors to decide what, if any, charges police officers may face in Taylor's death.

Neither has given any indication when a decision will be made.
READ MORE


Rep. Ilhan Omar. (photo: Mandel Ngan/Getty Images)
Rep. Ilhan Omar. (photo: Mandel Ngan/Getty Images)

Ilhan Omar, The Washington Post
Omar writes: "This past week, I met with community members and state lawmakers to push for more change in the wake of George Floyd's killing in Minneapolis."
EXCERPT:
But minutes after my news conference, the Republican National Committee clipped 27 seconds of my speech and added a false caption that said I had just called for getting rid of the entire U.S. economy and government. Instantly, Donald Trump Jr. and right-wing “media outlets” were amplifying the false claim. That evening, Tucker Carlson dedicated a segment of his Fox News program to attacking me and Sen. Tammy Duckworth (D-Ill.), another prominent woman of color, under the banner, “We Have to Fight to Preserve Our Nation & Heritage.” My congressional office and social media feeds were instantly flooded with hate speech, calls for deportation and, as is so often the case, death threats.



The Trump International Hotel and Tower in Manhattan. (photo: Twitter)
The Trump International Hotel and Tower in Manhattan. (photo: Twitter)

Sonam Sheth, Business Insider
Sheth writes: "President Donald Trump's campaign sent nearly $400,000 to his private business in just two days, The Washington Post's David Fahrenthold reported Friday."
EXCERPTS:
Documents showed that the campaign channeled $380,000 to the president's personal business in 43 transactions, Fahrenthold said, adding that the Trump Organization told him the money was for a weeklong "donor retreat" at Mar-a-Lago in March.

Open Secrets, an arm of the Center for Responsive Politics that closely tracks money in politics, first spotted the payments in Federal Election Commission filings from the Trump Victory Committee, a joint fundraising committee between Trump and the Republican National Committee.
The Post reported in December 2018 that shortly after the election, Saudi-funded lobbyists spent more than $270,000 to rent rooms for about 500 nights at the Trump International Hotel in Washington.
The RNC has spent more than $2 million at Trump Organization hotels and resorts. And Trump's campaign, which is funded in part by donations from the president's supporters and big-dollar donors, has spent more than $14 million at his properties.
In September, Trump faced harsh backlash when Politico reported that members of the US Air Force had stayed at Trump's five-star Turnberry resort in Scotland as part of an unusual layover on a routine trip from the US to Kuwait to deliver supplies.
That and other incidents "raise the possibility that the military has helped keep Trump's Turnberry resort afloat," the report said.



'The Dorr brothers have ties to tea party figures like Michele Bachmann and Ron Paul and have been dismissed by people on both the right and the left as astroturfing hucksters who are more interested in profit than policy.' (photo: Adam Maida/The Intercept)
'The Dorr brothers have ties to tea party figures like Michele Bachmann and Ron Paul and have been dismissed by people on both the right and the left as astroturfing hucksters who are more interested in profit than policy.' (photo: Adam Maida/The Intercept)

Masks Off: How the Brothers Who Fueled the Reopen Protests Built a Volatile Far-Right Network
Mara Hvistendahl, The Intercept
Hvistendahl writes: "The emails played to fear. 'Entire police departments are being overwhelmed by mobs of criminals bent on violence, robbery, arson, and more,' read one sent in June, as demonstrations against police brutality rocked the country."
EXCERPTS:
By the institute’s count, Facebook groups promoting the reopen cause have 2.7 million members. At least 325,000 of those users belong to Dorr-affiliated groups. “My suspicion is that the Dorrs have flourished because of social media and whatever it is that makes people both trusting and suspicious,” said Sally Jo Sorensen, a South Dakota-based blogger who has tracked the Dorr family for decades. “These guys have flourished because of people’s willingness to believe someone is out to harm them.” The paranoid atmosphere around reopen protests has, in some cases, led to attempts at violence. In May, a reopen protester in Colorado was arrested after investigators found four pipe bombs in his home. In June, federal prosecutors charged three Nevada men for conspiring to blow up or set fire to U.S. government buildings during Black Lives Matter protests in Las Vegas. Their plot had taken shape in April, in connection with anti-lockdown demonstrations in Nevada.

In an hourlong video about their work, the Dorrs explain that they initially stuffed envelopes for their organizations over pizza and soda with other home-schooling families. Then, Aaron Dorr said, they realized that they could save money by keeping their mailing expenses in-house and created their own direct-mail company, Midwest Freedom Enterprises, registering it as an LLC in Carroll, Iowa. (The Dorr brothers are now scattered throughout the Midwest. Ben Dorr set up in Northfield, Minnesota, which happens to be my hometown.)




Quezaltepeque cemetery workers carrying a coffin, La Libertad, El Salvador. (photo: @PenchoyAida/Twitter)
Quezaltepeque cemetery workers carrying a coffin, La Libertad, El Salvador. (photo: @PenchoyAida/Twitter)

El Salvador: Another Cemetery Collapses Due to Covid-19 Burials
teleSUR
Excerpt: "El Salvador's Quezaltepeque mayor Salvador Saget Friday reported that the municipal cemetery collapsed after an increase in burials due to COVID-19 deaths."
READ MORE


The Supreme Court ruled that millions of acres in eastern Oklahoma are part of a Native American reservation when it comes to applying criminal law. (photo: Sarah Nichols/Flickr)
The Supreme Court ruled that millions of acres in eastern Oklahoma are part of a Native American reservation when it comes to applying criminal law. (photo: Sarah Nichols/Flickr)

Now That Half of Oklahoma Is Officially Indian Land, Oil Industry Could Face New Costs and Environmental Hurdles
Dino Grandoni, The Washington Post
Grandoni writes: "A crash in prices. A round of bankruptcies. And wave after wave of layoffs."

EXCERPTS:
About a quarter of Oklahoma’s recent oil and gas wells and around 60 percent of its refinery capacity now lie within the territory of five tribes — the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and Seminole.
Perhaps more importantly, the network of pipelines pumping crude to and from Cushing, Okla. — a crucial oil terminal for the Keystone XL — spider-web across the redrawn reservation borders.
Instead of dealing with business-friendly regulators from the state of Oklahoma, oil producers may soon have to contend with both tribes and the federal government, which often manages land for Native Americans.
With Americans driving and flying less during the viral outbreak, U.S. oil prices have dropped by a third since the start of the year. Oklahoma’s shale fields, where extraction costs are relatively high, are among the hardest hit during the pandemic. One of the state’s biggest energy firms, the fracking pioneer Chesapeake Energy, has already declared bankruptcy.
The 5-to-4 decision, written by Justice Neil M. Gorsuch and joined by the court’s liberals, ostensibly deals with criminal law for the ancestors of those forced to march the 19th century Trail of Tears into present-day Oklahoma.
But the majority opinion writers acknowledge the ruling raises big questions over taxation and the enforcement of environmental rules across those 3 million acres — ones that may take years to settle.
“In reaching our conclusion about what the law demands of us today, we do not pretend to foretell the future and we proceed well aware of the potential for cost and conflict around jurisdictional boundaries, especially ones that have gone unappreciated for so long,” Gorsuch wrote in McGirt v. Oklahoma. “But it is unclear why pessimism should rule the day.”










The Role of Cognitive Dissonance in the Pandemic




The Role of Cognitive Dissonance in the Pandemic


The minute we make any decision—I think COVID-19 is serious; no, I’m sure it is a hoax—we begin to justify the wisdom of our choice and find reasons to dismiss the alternative.


JULY 12, 2020
Elliot Aronson and Carol Tavris
Social Psychologists

Members of Heaven’s Gate, a religious cult, believed that as the Hale-Bopp comet passed by Earth in 1997, a spaceship would be traveling in its wake—ready to take true believers aboard. Several members of the group bought an expensive, high-powered telescope so that they might get a clearer view of the comet. They quickly brought it back and asked for a refund. When the manager asked why, they complained that the telescope was defective, that it didn’t show the spaceship following the comet. A short time later, believing that they would be rescued once they had shed their “earthly containers” (their bodies), all 39 members killed themselves.

Heaven’s Gate followers had a tragically misguided conviction, but it is an example, albeit extreme, of cognitive dissonance, the motivational mechanism that underlies the reluctance to admit mistakes or accept scientific findings—even when those findings can save our lives. This dynamic is playing out during the pandemic among the many people who refuse to wear masks or practice social distancing. Human beings are deeply unwilling to change their minds. And when the facts clash with their preexisting convictions, some people would sooner jeopardize their health and everyone else’s than accept new information or admit to being wrong.





Cognitive dissonance, coined by Leon Festinger in the 1950s, describes the discomfort people feel when two cognitions, or a cognition and a behavior, contradict each other. I smoke is dissonant with the knowledge that Smoking can kill me. To reduce that dissonance, the smoker must either quit—or justify smoking (“It keeps me thin, and being overweight is a health risk too, you know”). At its core, Festinger’s theory is about how people strive to make sense out of contradictory ideas and lead lives that are, at least in their own minds, consistent and meaningful.  
One of us (Aronson), who was a protégé of Festinger in the mid-’50s, advanced cognitive-dissonance theory by demonstrating the powerful, yet nonobvious, role it plays when the concept of self is involved. Dissonance is most painful when evidence strikes at the heart of how we see ourselves—when it threatens our belief that we are kind, ethical, competent, or smart. The minute we make any decision—I’ll buy this car; I will vote for this candidate; I think COVID-19 is serious; no, I’m sure it is a hoax—we will begin to justify the wisdom of our choice and find reasons to dismiss the alternative. Before long, any ambivalence we might have felt at the time of the original decision will have morphed into certainty. As people justify each step taken after the original decision, they will find it harder to admit they were wrong at the outset. Especially when the end result proves self-defeating, wrongheaded, or harmful.
The theory inspired more than 3,000 experiments that have transformed psychologists’ understanding of how the human mind works. One of Aronson’s most famous experiments showed that people who had to go through an unpleasant, embarrassing process in order to be admitted to a discussion group (designed to consist of boring, pompous participants) later reported liking that group far better than those who were allowed to join after putting in little or no effort. Going through hell and high water to attain something that turns out to be boring, vexatious, or a waste of time creates dissonance: I’m smart, so how did I end up in this stupid group? To reduce that dissonance, participants unconsciously focused on whatever might be good or interesting about the group and blinded themselves to its prominent negatives. The people who did not work hard to get into the group could more easily see the truth—how boring it was. Because they had very little investment in joining, they had very little dissonance to reduce.
The term cognitive dissonance has since escaped the laboratory and is found everywhere—from op-eds and movie reviews to humor columns (as in The New Yorker’s “Cognitive Dissonances I’m Comfortable With”). But few people fully appreciate the mechanism’s enormous motivational power—and the lengths people go to in order to reduce its discomfort.


For example, when people feel a strong connection to a political party, leader, ideology, or belief, they are more likely to let that allegiance do their thinking for them and distort or ignore the evidence that challenges those loyalties. The social psychologist Lee Ross, in laboratory experiments designed to find ways to reduce the bitter conflict between Israelis and Palestinians, took peace proposals created by Israeli negotiators, labeled them as Palestinian proposals, and asked Israeli citizens to judge them. “The Israelis liked the Palestinian proposal attributed to Israel more than they liked the Israeli proposal attributed to the Palestinians,” he told us. “If your own proposal isn’t going to be attractive to you when it comes from the other side, what chance is there that the other side’s proposal is going to be attractive when it actually comes from the other side?”
Because of the intense polarization in our country, a great many Americans now see the life-and-death decisions of the coronavirus as political choices rather than medical ones. In the absence of a unifying narrative and competent national leadership, Americans have to choose whom to believe as they make decisions about how to live: the scientists and the public-health experts, whose advice will necessarily change as they learn more about the virus, treatment, and risks? Or President Donald Trump and his acolytes, who suggest that masks and social distancing are unnecessary or “optional”?
The cognition I want to go back to work or I want to go to my favorite bar to hang out with my friends is dissonant with any information that suggests these actions might be dangerous—if not to individuals themselves, then to others with whom they interact.
How to resolve this dissonance? People could avoid the crowds, parties, and bars and wear a mask. Or they could jump back into their former ways. But to preserve their belief that they are smart and competent and would never do anything foolish to risk their lives, they will need some self-justifications: Claim that masks impair their breathing, deny that the pandemic is serious, or protest that their “freedom” to do what they want is paramount. “You’re removing our freedoms and stomping on our constitutional rights by these Communist-dictatorship orders,” a woman at a Palm Beach County commissioners’ hearing said. “Masks are literally killing people,” said another. South Dakota Governor Kristi Noem, referring to masks and any other government interventions, said, “More freedom, not more government, is the answer.” Vice President Mike Pence added his own justification for encouraging people to gather in unsafe crowds for a Trump rally: “The right to peacefully assemble is enshrined in the First Amendment of the Constitution.”

Today, as we confront the many unknowns of the coronavirus pandemic, all of us are facing desperately difficult decisions. When is it safe to get back to work? When can I reopen my business? When can I see friends and co-workers, start a new love affair, travel? What level of risk am I prepared to tolerate? The way we answer these questions has momentous implications for our health as individuals and for the health of our communities. Even more important, and far less obvious, is that because of the unconscious motivation to reduce dissonance, the way we answer these questions has repercussions for how we behave after making our initial decision. Will we be flexible, or will we keep reducing dissonance by insisting that our earliest decisions were right?
Although it’s difficult, changing our minds is not impossible. The challenge is to find a way to live with uncertainty, make the most informed decisions we can, and modify them when the scientific evidence dictates—as our leading researchers are already doing. Admitting we were wrong requires some self-reflection—which involves living with the dissonance for a while rather than jumping immediately to a self-justification.
Understanding how dissonance operates reveals a few practical lessons for overcoming it, starting by examining the two dissonant cognitions and keeping them separate. We call this the “Shimon Peres solution.” Peres, Israel’s former prime minister, was angered by his friend Ronald Reagan’s disastrous official visit to a cemetery in Bitburg, Germany, where members of the Waffen SS were buried. When asked how he felt about Reagan’s decision to go there, Peres could have reduced dissonance in one of the two most common ways: thrown out the friendship or minimized the seriousness of the friend’s action. He did neither. “When a friend makes a mistake,” he said, “the friend remains a friend, and the mistake remains a mistake.” Peres’s message conveys the importance of staying with the dissonance, avoiding easy knee-jerk responses, and asking ourselves, Why am I believing this? Why am I behaving this way? Have I thought it through or am I simply taking a short cut, following the party line, or justifying the effort I put in to join the group?
Dissonance theory also teaches us why changing your brother-in-law’s political opinions is so hard, if not impossible—especially if he has thrown time, money, effort, and his vote at them. (He can’t change yours either, can he?) But if you want to try, don’t say the equivalent of “What are you thinking by not wearing a mask?” That message implies “How could you be so stupid?” and will immediately create dissonance (I’m smart versus You say I’m doing something stupid), making him almost certainly respond with defensiveness and a hardening of the belief (I was thinking how smart I am, that’s what, and masks are useless anyway). However, your brother-in-law may be more amenable to messages from others who share his party loyalty but who have changed their mind, such as the growing number of prominent Republicans now wearing masks. Senator Lamar Alexander from Tennessee said, “Unfortunately, this simple, lifesaving practice has become part of a political debate that says: If you’re for Trump, you don’t wear a mask; if you’re against Trump, you do... The stakes are much too high for that.”
This nasty, mysterious virus will require us all to change our minds as scientists learn more, and we may have to give up some practices and beliefs about it that we now feel sure of. The alternative will be to double down, ignore the error, and wait, as Trump is waiting, for the “miracle” of the virus disappearing.
ELLIOT ARONSON AND CAROL TAVRIS are social psychologists. Their book, Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me): Why We Justify Foolish Beliefs, Bad Decisions, and Hurtful Acts, has just been released by Mariner in an updated edition.



COGNITIVE DISSONANCE & A PANDEMIC




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Regardless of how irrational Daffy Don's lies are or how his delusions/dementia becomes more conspicuous, you will never convince some.

A recent poll indicated a majority of REPUBLICANS believe tRump over Dr. Anthony Fauci. How is that possible?

Interesting article.
What makes the issue even more difficult is that 'experts' are learning new things about the virus, the long term damage it causes, transmission, immunity, asymptomatic spread.


"...Dissonance theory also teaches us why changing your brother-in-law’s political opinions is so hard, if not impossible—especially if he has thrown time, money, effort, and his vote at them. (He can’t change yours either, can he?) But if you want to try, don’t say the equivalent of “What are you thinking by not wearing a mask?” That message implies “How could you be so stupid?” and will immediately create dissonance (I’m smart versus You say I’m doing something stupid), making him almost certainly respond with defensiveness and a hardening of the belief (I was thinking how smart I am, that’s what, and masks are useless anyway). However, your brother-in-law may be more amenable to messages from others who share his party loyalty but who have changed their mind, such as the growing number of prominent Republicans now wearing masks. Senator Lamar Alexander from Tennessee said, “Unfortunately, this simple, lifesaving practice has become part of a political debate that says: If you’re for Trump, you don’t wear a mask; if you’re against Trump, you do... The stakes are much too high for that.”..."

https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/07/role-cognitive-dissonance-pandemic/614074/?fbclid=IwAR3cVQBBDjjEq69IBUWRNgLUkePNwu78xLeGgZ-rWp-C2OQPxxoFWUJCmCoLINK




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Let me take you for a moment to a fantasy land. In this place, the coronavirus pandemic was bad for a couple of months but now it is largely under control. If you lived there you’d still be a little uncertain about going to a concert or a movie, but your life would have largely returned to normal.
You wouldn’t have lost your job; the government would have had a comprehensive support program that kept unemployment low. You’d be able to see your family and friends without fear. Your children would be returning to school in September. There would be some precautions to take for a while longer, but there would be no doubt that the pandemic was on its way to being defeated.
To us here in the United States, this picture seems magical, like a dispatch from the far future. But it isn’t. It’s the situation that exists right now in many of our peer countries around the world. And the fact that our situation is so different? That shouldn’t just make you feel disappointed, or anxious, or upset.

It should make you enraged. That is the proper response to where we find ourselves today.
Let’s begin with the situation in other countries. Here are new case totals from Monday for a few of our peer countries:
France: 580
UK: 564
Spain: 546
Germany: 365
Canada: 299
Japan: 259
Italy: 200
Australia: 158
South Korea: 52
And the United States? 55,300.
Some of these countries were in extremely bad shape for a time, but with sane leadership and a population willing to work together, they’re in the process of defeating the pandemic. But not us.
There are many reasons we have experienced this catastrophe (and it quickly became two catastrophes, an economic crisis added to the public health crisis), but one stands above all others: President Trump.
Is there a single aspect of his response to this pandemic that has not been a miserable failure? For weeks he ignored warnings and denied that the pandemic would be a problem. He didn’t prepare the equipment and systems we’d need to respond.
We have no national testing strategy — still! There is no national contact tracing program. Trump turned over the effort to coordinate the distribution of supplies to his incompetent dolt of a son-in-law. He responded to efforts by governors to impose strong lockdowns by berating them and calling for their states to be “liberated.” For months he not only refused to wear a mask but also belittled those who did, successfully turning a vital public health tool into a polarized political issue.
And he demanded that everyone around him echo his insane claims that everything is under control and the pandemic is being vanquished. It was a month ago that Vice President Pence pathetically proclaimed that “we are winning the fight against the invisible enemy,” and the administration’s great success was “cause for celebration.”
And now, rather than working harder to contain the pandemic, the White House has begun a furious campaign to discredit the federal government’s chief infectious-disease specialist, Anthony S. Fauci, who has had the temerity to admit that things aren’t going well. Trump himself has clearly decided that he’s bored of worrying about the pandemic, so he’ll stop trying to do anything about it. With over 135,000 Americans dead and counting.
How can you look at what has happened to us and not be enraged?
Just consider the economy: the tens of millions of people unemployed, the millions who have lost health coverage, the tens of thousands of businesses going under, the tens of millions of people who could soon be evicted. None of it had to happen. In other countries it hasn’t. But it happened to us.
Or think of the millions of children who will wind up losing a year or maybe more of their lives, without the opportunity to be educated, to build and sustain friendships, to just be kids.
Even if you’re lucky enough not to have gotten sick or lost a loved one, you’re the victim of a robbery. Trump stole so much from all of us — our time with friends and family, our mental health, even our faith that our country could meet a challenge.
Don’t let him get away with saying that it would have been worse were it not for him, or that we only have so many cases only because we’re doing more testing. Those are lies.
We are interested in hearing about how the struggle to reopen amid the pandemic is affecting people's lives. Please tell us yours.
Anger is often toxic in our political lives. But there are times when our leaders — or in this case, one leader in particular — ought to be the target of every bit of anger we can muster. To give him anything less is an affront to the truth. To let our anger dissipate into a miserable resignation is to give him a kind of forgiveness he doesn’t deserve.
Before the pandemic, Trump was one of the worst presidents in our history. But now he has laid waste to our country, with his unique combination of incompetence and malevolence — and he’s not done yet. Once we finally rid ourselves of him, it will take years to recover. But as we do, we should never for a moment forget what he was and what he did to us. And we should never stop being angry about it.










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WE ARE THE EPICENTER, WE ARE THE PLACE WHERE YOU'RE THE MOST LIKELY TO DIE FROM THIS DISEASE.




"We are the epicenter. We are the place where you're the most likely to die from this disease. We're the ones with the most shattered economy. And we are, because of the fool that sits in the Oval Office behind the Resolute Desk."




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Over the weekend, Republican Steve Schmidt, who ran John McCain's 2008 campaign for president, was interviewed on MSNBC.
In response to a very general question regarding the Trump Presidency, Mr. Schmidt spoke for two solid minutes and gave the most insightful and brutally honest response of what the Trump Presidency has done to our great country.
“Donald Trump has been the worst president this country has ever had. And, I don't say that hyperbolically. He is. But he is a consequential president. And, he has brought this country in three short years to a place of weakness that is simply unimaginable if you were pondering where we are today from the day where Barack Obama left office. And, there were a lot of us on that day who were deeply skeptical and very worried about what a Trump presidency would be. But this is a moment of unparalleled national humiliation, of weakness.”
"When you listen to the President, these are the musings of an imbecile. An idiot. And I don't use those words to name call. I use them because they are the precise words of the English language to describe his behavior. His comportment. His actions. We've never seen a level of incompetence, a level of ineptitude so staggering on a daily basis by anybody in the history of the country whose ever been charged with substantial responsibilities.”
"It's just astonishing that this man is president of the United States. The man, the con man, from New York City. Many bankruptcies, failed businesses, a reality show, that branded him as something that he never was. A successful businessman. Well, he's the President of the United States now, and the man who said he would make the country great again. And he's brought death, suffering, and economic collapse on truly an epic scale."
"And, let's be clear. This isn't happening in every country around the world. This place. Our place. Our home. Our country. The United States. We are the epicenter. We are the place where you're the most likely to die from this disease. We're the ones with the most shattered economy. And we are, because of the fool that sits in the Oval Office behind the Resolute Desk.








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