Saturday, July 27, 2024

Informed Comment daily updates (07/27/2024)

 

The UK Labour Party drops opposition to Int’l Criminal Court Warrants for Netanyahu and Gallant over Gaza War Crimes

The UK Labour Party drops opposition to Int’l Criminal Court Warrants for Netanyahu and Gallant over Gaza War Crimes

Ann Arbor (Informed Comment) – The Labour Party in Britain announced that it would not submit a brief to the International Criminal Court arguing that the court has no jurisdiction over Israeli actions in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. The previous Conservative government of Rishi Sunak had pledged to make such a submission, but the new […]

Watering Down Genocide: No More Moral Compromises on Palestine, Please

Watering Down Genocide: No More Moral Compromises on Palestine, Please

( Middle East Monitor ) – Why are many amongst us still tiptoeing around language when it comes to the horrific Israeli genocide in Gaza? Layers of censorship imposed on Palestinian and pro-Palestinian voices in corporate and social media seem to have blurred the judgment of some. They continue to speak of a “conflict”, calling […]

Polio in Gaza: What does this mean for the Region and the World

Polio in Gaza: What does this mean for the Region and the World

By Michael Toole, Burnet Institute | – (The Conversation) – As war continues to devastate Gaza and its people, we learnt last week that a variant of poliovirus has been detected in the region. The virus was isolated in six sewage samples collected in late June from Khan Younis and Deir al Balah. Most infections […]

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Polio in Gaza: What does this mean for the Region and the World

 

EPIDEMICS

Polio in Gaza: What does this mean for the Region and the World

By Michael Toole, Burnet Institute | –

(The Conversation) – As war continues to devastate Gaza and its people, we learnt last week that a variant of poliovirus has been detected in the region. The virus was isolated in six sewage samples collected in late June from Khan Younis and Deir al Balah.

Most infections with poliovirus don’t cause symptoms, but a minority of those who contract the virus develop paralysis (paralytic polio).

No cases of paralytic polio have been reported in Gaza. But detecting the virus in wastewater is concerning nonetheless.

There are different types of polio

The cases of polio we’ve seen historically have generally been caused by “wild poliovirus”. For centuries, wild poliovirus affected both poor and wealthy countries, including Australia. The deployment of effective vaccines in the 1960s led to a dramatic decrease in cases in the following decades among those countries that could afford the vaccines.

The introduction of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative in 1988 enabled more equitable vaccination. There were only 12 cases of paralysis caused by wild poliovirus in 2023, in just two countries: Pakistan and Afghanistan.

However, as the number of wild poliovirus cases decreased there was an increase in cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus causing paralysis.

There are two types of polio vaccines: one is given orally, and the other by injection (the type used in Australia). The oral polio vaccine is based on a weakened virus – so it doesn’t cause disease, but can still reproduce. Vaccine-derived poliovirus emerges when people vaccinated with the oral polio vaccine excrete the vaccine virus in their stool and it spreads to other people.

Over time, it may mutate to become a virus that circulates and causes paralysis in populations with low levels of immunity. In 2023, there were 524 polio cases in 32 countries caused by vaccine-derived poliovirus.

It’s a strain of vaccine-derived poliovirus that has been detected in the wastewater in Gaza – type 2.

High vaccination coverage is key, but not always enough

The most important indicator of eradicating polio, both wild and vaccine-derived, is vaccine coverage. This is usually measured as the percentage of children under five who have received at least four vaccine doses, ideally 95%.

High vaccination coverage has been achieved by a combination of routine immunisation in early childhood plus national or local catch-up vaccination campaigns, particularly in areas where the virus pops up.

However, high vaccination coverage is not always enough to eliminate the virus.

Early in the 21st century, India and Nigeria were reporting the highest number of polio cases in the world. After an accelerated immunisation campaign in India, vaccine coverage rates were high by 2007 and cases were decreasing. But many cases continued to be reported in impoverished districts of western Uttar Pradesh (a state in northern India), where access to clean water and sanitation was poor.

Research shows a high level of pathogens in children’s intestines can make the absorption of the oral vaccine less effective, while unsanitary conditions make it easier for the virus to spread. After a sanitation and hygiene project began in 2007, the last case of polio in Uttar Pradesh occurred in 2010, and the entire country eradicated polio in 2014.

Wild polio was eradicated from Gaza more than 25 years ago. But it’s possible the re-emergence of vaccine-derived poliovirus is due to a combination of poor hygiene and sanitation, as we saw in Uttar Pradesh, and reduced vaccine coverage.

Polio vaccination coverage in the Palestinian territories was 99% in 2022. By the end of 2023, coverage had dropped to 89%. However, the data were not separated by each of the territories (the West Bank, East Jerusalem and Gaza), so coverage may be lower in Gaza.

Recent outbreaks

We saw the detection of a similar strain of poliovirus in wastewater in Jerusalem, London and New York in early 2022.

Parts of these cities have high concentrations of ultra-Orthodox Jews, which may have lower rates of vaccination than the overall population. In Rockland County, 65 kilometres north of New York City, a young, unimmunised Orthodox Jewish man became the first case of polio transmitted locally in the United States in 30 years.

There’s no evidence of vaccination hesitancy among Ultra-Orthodox Jews in Australia. However, there are other communities where vaccination rates are low, including some shires in the Northern Rivers district of New South Wales.

Communities with low vaccination rates, whatever the reason, are vulnerable to infectious diseases such as polio.

So where did this virus come from?

The oral vaccine used in Gaza has not contained type 2 since 2016, so it must have come from elsewhere.

In 2023, most outbreaks of type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus were in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Yemen, Nigeria, Sudan and Somalia. There was also one case in Egypt, which borders on Gaza. Egypt could be the source of this virus, but we’ll need further investigation.

It’s unlikely to have come from Israel as there have been no detections of poliovirus in wastewater there since 2022.

What can the world learn?

First, we must not forget that poliovirus can cross borders and maintaining high vaccination rates in Australia and elsewhere is the most effective protective strategy. It’s also crucial to contain the virus inside Gaza. UNICEF and partners are preparing for a vaccination campaign focusing on young children.

Second, it’s important to maintain wastewater surveillance for polio, which is an early warning mechanism that can initiate public health action before symptomatic cases occur.

In 2022, Victoria was the only Australian state conducting routine polio wastewater surveillance until NSW adopted the practice when the outbreaks in Jerusalem, New York and London occurred. Wastewater surveillance is worthwhile in all states and territories.

Third, but not least, this should be a wake-up call highlighting the need to cease hostilities and provide unrestricted access by aid agencies to improve the provision of clean water, sanitation and effective health services throughout Gaza. This is an urgent global health priority.

Michael Toole, Associate Principal Research Fellow, Burnet Institute

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Bonus video added by Informed Comment:

Gaza: WHO warns of potential polio outbreak | DW News Video

About the Author

The Conversation is an independent, not-for-profit media outlet that works with academic experts in their fields to publish short, clear essays on hot topics.


INFORMED COMMENT

Watering Down Genocide: No More Moral Compromises on Palestine, Please

 

GENOCIDE

Watering Down Genocide: No More Moral Compromises on Palestine, Please

( Middle East Monitor ) – Why are many amongst us still tiptoeing around language when it comes to the horrific Israeli genocide in Gaza?

Layers of censorship imposed on Palestinian and pro-Palestinian voices in corporate and social media seem to have blurred the judgment of some. They continue to speak of a “conflict”, calling on “both sides” to use “restraint” and, partly, blaming the Palestinian resistance for the ongoing Israeli massacres.

Though such language is expected from the “sensible” few of mainstream media, there are those who are counted as “pro-Palestine” intellectuals, journalists and activists who often use similar language.

Throughout the years, the common wisdom is that, for a pro-Palestine voice to be published in mainstream US-western newspapers, he or she would have to adhere to a certain set of rules and avoid certain adjectives to describe Israel – even if such vocabulary is consistent with good sense, international law or the judgment of leading human rights organisations.

By “watering down the language”, one supposedly gains greater credibility, thus space to be heard or published.

Equally true, it is also practically forbidden to defend the Palestinian people’s internationally recognised rights to use all forms of resistance, or to support their democratic choices, because the outcomes of which are, maybe, not consistent with mainstream western thinking.

Some are even afraid to use the term “resistance” altogether. But if Palestinians are denied their most basic right to resist, they become deprived of any human agency, let alone relevance as political actors. The notion would then suggest that Palestinians can only serve the role of victims, and nothing else. Not only is this untrue, and condescending, it is outright bigoted, as well.

All this tiptoeing around what should have been a clear language on Palestine, comes at a price. When the truth is masked or hidden, the space becomes open for lies, deceptions and quasi-truths.

In this alternative space, Israel is, at best, equally culpable for the ‘war’ in Palestine as the Palestinians themselves; and, at worst, the Israeli army is merely engaging in a state of self-defense.

Additionally, by tightly controlling the discourse on Palestine, the West has harmed its own interests. Indeed, by marginalising authentic Palestinian voices, the West has lost its ability to understand the context behind the current Israeli war on Gaza, to accept or navigate its share of responsibility in the genocide and to play any meaningful role in bringing the atrocities to an end.

The outcome is an unavoidable cognitive dissonance – where western governments are violating the very rules they had created, opposing the laws they enshrined and investing in an Israeli genocide in Gaza, while criticising war elsewhere.

76 years on, Palestinians are still living the Nakba – Cartoon [Sabaaneh/MiddleEastMonitor]

I doubt that the West will ever succeed in claiming any moral authority, retrieve its lost credibility or build lasting trust with Palestinians, Arabs, Muslims or the Global South. The extermination of one’s people entitles a person to some degree of cynicism.

To further expose western duplicity in Gaza, however, we must learn to speak with no reservations, no matter the restrictions on the pro-Palestine voice or the censorship on social media.

Naturally, not all Palestinians and pro-Palestinian voices agree on everything. There are those willing to risk everything, and those who want to tell some kind of truth without risking the loss of their privileges, careers or standing in society.

It is those in the former group who deserve platforms and must be celebrated for their courage.

One of the most inspiring examples are young students in US and western universities who have risked their own futures – as in being expelled from universities or denied their degrees – for raising awareness about the Israeli genocide in Gaza.

Those students are the true leaders of justice-based solidarity movements, now and in the future.

They have understood that, due to the unprecedented censorship of authentic Palestinian voices in all media platforms, their actions on campuses, in the streets and every available venue are critical.

The risks they have taken by speaking out for Gaza’s genocide victims will serve as a new threshold of courage that will inspire the youth of this and future generations.

Equally important is that these students have refused to compromise on their language, their demands and their priorities to simply fit in, to get published or use a genocide as an opportunity to build careers.

As for those who exploited the Palestinian suffering for their own benefit, neither history nor the rest of us will forgive their opportunism and intellectual timidity.

Those who are well-intentioned, but “water down” their language to circumvent censorship, ultimately make little difference, because there are certain truths that cannot be softened or diluted.

Indeed, there is no other honest way of phrasing what is taking place in Gaza but as a genocide, one for which only Israel – a military occupier and apartheid state – can be blamed.

The only Palestinians who deserve blame or condemnation are those who are collaborating with Israel to ensure the outcome of the war remains consistent with their interests, financial status and false titles. No amount of money or prestige will ever redeem the credibility or honour of such people.

“In a time of deceit telling the truth is a revolutionary act,” said George Orwell. Sadly, we live in these times. It is equally true that, in a time of genocide, not telling the truth is the most contemptible of all acts.

Please continue to speak out; be radical; be revolutionary and never equate between those carrying out the genocide and those resisting it – even if at the risk of not fitting in.

The views expressed in this article belong to the author and do not necessarily reflect the editorial policy of Middle East Monitor or Informed Comment.

Via Middle East Monitor

Creative Commons LicenseThis work by Middle East Monitor is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

About the Author

Ramzy Baroud has been writing about the Middle East for over 20 years. He is an internationally-syndicated columnist, a media consultant, an author of several books and the founder of PalestineChronicle.com. His latest book is My Father Was a Freedom Fighter: Gaza’s Untold Story (Pluto Press, London).


INFORMED COMMENT

The UK Labour Party drops opposition to Int’l Criminal Court Warrants for Netanyahu and Gallant over Gaza War Crimes

 

FEATURED

The UK Labour Party drops opposition to Int’l Criminal Court Warrants for Netanyahu and Gallant over Gaza War Crimes

Ann Arbor (Informed Comment) – The Labour Party in Britain announced that it would not submit a brief to the International Criminal Court arguing that the court has no jurisdiction over Israeli actions in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. The previous Conservative government of Rishi Sunak had pledged to make such a submission, but the new prime minister Keir Starmer has, after some waffling, decided against it.

Starmer is a strong supporter of Israel and, in alliance with a secretive British Israel lobby, has purged severe critics of Tel Aviv from Labour Party ranks, so in some ways the decision is surprising. Further, Starmer appears to have gotten heavy pressure from the Biden administration to challenge prosecutor Karim Khan’s request for warrants against Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his Defense Minister Yoav Gallant for the commission of war crimes in Gaza.

Starmer, however, also faced pressure from British Muslim constituents of the Labour Party, a significant bloc. In the July 4 election that Labour won so handily, it nevertheless did lose some seats it was expected to win, apparently over Gaza policy. Five independents ran and won, campaigning for an immediate ceasefire. Some 3,801,186 Muslims live in the UK, or 6.7% of the population of 67 million. They therefore have even more clout than Asian Americans in the US, who form about 5.6% of the American population.

The British youths, the left, and British Muslims as well as other minorities, e.g. left-liberal Hindus and activists from the Caribbean, have staged large and frequent demonstrations against Israel’s total war on Gaza. Further, trade unionists, another key Labour constituency, have urged an arms boycott on Israel over its atrocities against Palestinians.

Given Starmer’s stalwart support of Israel, he would not have backed down on the ICC submission unless the pressure from within his party was overwhelming.

The episode demonstrates the limits of Israel’s policy of ignoring Western public opinion in general and concentrating on influence-peddling in governmental decision-making bodies. Those bodies, as with Labour parliamentarians, are also susceptible to shifts in public opinion, as with the vehement denunciation of Israel for what many Britons see as a genocide in Gaza. Europeans also pay more attention to bodies such as the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court than do Americans

The Labour Party said that it was leaving the decision up to the ICC, and the BBC concludes that if Netanyahu and Gallant are indicted, the United Kingdom would feel itself obliged to arrest them if they stepped foot on British soil. The same would also hold true for Spain, Ireland and Norway, all of which recognized the State of Palestine in late May as a way of protesting the Israeli destruction of Gaza and the brutalization of the Palestinians living there.

It should be understood that this move by Labour is a major symbolic loss for Israel and for the Biden administration, which has sought to ensure impunity for Netanyahu and his cronies and has even refused to allow the State Department to certify that Israel is using US weaponry in Gaza in a manner contrary to International Humanitarian Law, as required by the Leahy laws.

It is highly unlikely, however, that Starmer will take any practical action, such as an arms boycott or even a limitation on arms sales to Israel, as demanded by many trade unionists and other activists.

Palestine was recognized by the UN General Assembly as a non-member observer state of the UN in 2012. That status permitted Palestine to sign the Rome Statute and accede to the International Criminal Court as a member in early 2015. In 2018, the Palestine Authority brought a case against Israel at the court for its illegal settlements on Palestinian land. Although Israel is not a signatory to the Rome Statute and would ordinarily not be under its jurisdiction, the argument the court accepted in 2021 is that Israeli actions in the West Bank and Gaza are within the court’s purview. Sunak had intended to challenge that argument. Note, however, that the US and most European countries welcomed the 2023 ICC finding that Russian President Vladimir Putin is guilty of war crimes in Ukraine. Russia is also not a signatory to the Rome Statute, nor is Ukraine. But Ukraine granted the court jurisdiction over Russian war crimes in the Donbass. The case for the ICC’s jurisdiction over Israeli actions in the West Bank and Gaza is tremendously stronger than that for its jurisdiction over Russian actions in Ukraine.

About the Author

Juan Cole is the founder and chief editor of Informed Comment. He is Richard P. Mitchell Professor of History at the University of Michigan He is author of, among many other books, Muhammad: Prophet of Peace amid the Clash of Empires and The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. Follow him on Twitter at @jricole or the Informed Comment Facebook Page


INFORMED COMMENT


Trump's Words Used AGAINST Him in BRUTAL Ad ... Instantly TRIGGERED!

 

TRUMP CAN'T REMEMBER WORDS...ORANGES instead of ORIGINS! 

TRUMP can't say OMINOUS....

TRUMP slept through his NY CRIMINAL TRIAL and pooped his pants....

he's losing his bodily functions, he leans forward when he speaks...

TRUMP slept through the RNC CONVENTION... 

You're enumerating issues - tRump has NONE! tRump sleeps in court and poops his pant, sleeps at the RNC CONVENTION, can't remember words What President Biden accomplished to turn the nation around is HISTORIC! President Biden took office with REFRIGERATED TRAILERS FILLED WITH DEAD COVID amidst lots of disinformation and a TOILET PAPER SHORTAGE! President Biden and DEMOCRATS, with limited Republican support worked together to get things done.
This needs to be said - REPUBLICANS promised to fix CRUMBLING ROADS & BRIDGES..NEVER DID! tRump promised to fix CRUMBLING ROADS & BRIDGES...NEVER DID! Massachusetts has 2 failed BRIDGES owned by the ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS almost 100 years old, tRump SLASHED THE BUDGET! President Biden's INFRASTRUCTURE BILL will fund the first of the bridges - tRump told MAGA to defeat the BILL! (Only one bridge can be re-built at a time.) MASS GOP are lying and blaming Senator Warren for delaying the BRIDGE replacement - they never get tired of LIES!



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Obviously the speculation below is untrue. 

The hysteria surrounding this issue has prevented FACTS from being appropriately investigated! You got your scape goat, but you didn't get FACTS.

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There have been reports of others who were shot that have not been included.

Expecting instantaneous answers by the MAGA MORONS silenced those questions.


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